能解釋一下英語的基本句型嗎
摟主,說實話,樓上的兄臺給出的東西沒什么用處,看了和沒看沒什么區別,以下內容可是本人學習英語十幾年的心得,今天告訴你好了 :-)
句子成分主要有:
主語 謂語 賓語 表語 定語 狀語 補語
(1)主語和謂語
主語和謂語一般很容易區分,一個句子中也必須有主語和謂語兩個部分,否則句子則不成立(當然,一些口語中的省略句除外),例如:
——Why have you taken the matter
(為什么你要接手這件事?)
——I like!
(我喜歡!)
這里面的第二個句子就是最簡單的一種句型,只有主語(I)和謂語(like)
主語就是一個句子的中心語,這個句子的描述都是圍繞這個中心語展開的,可以使一個單詞(例如例句中的I),也可以使一個短語,甚至是一個句子。
(2)賓語
賓語就是跟在謂語動詞之后的那部分,例如:
I have eaten an apple.(我已經吃了一個蘋果)
在這個句子中,I是主語,have eaten 是謂語,an apple是賓語,又來補足謂語的內容
(3)定語
定語是用作修飾的,定語一般分為前置定語和后置定語,當作定語的部分為一個單詞的死后一般是前置(就是放在所修飾詞語的前面),當作定語的部分是一個短語甚至一個句子(總之超過一個單詞的),就要放在所修飾中心詞的后面
前置定語,例如:
I want to have some beautiful flower.
(我想要一些漂亮的花。)
這里,beautiful作為flower的定語
(順便復習下上面的內容,這個句子是一個略為復雜的簡單句,即句子大致的枝干是主語+謂語+賓語,只不過這個句子的賓語有一個定語“beautiful”,在該句中“I”是主語,“want to have”可看作一個謂語,“some”和“beautiful”都分別用于修飾賓語“flower”,都是“flower”的定語)
后置定語:
The basketball match played last night is wondful.(昨晚的籃球比賽很精彩。)
在這個句子中,played last night 可看作是主語“the basketball match”的定語,只不過這里的定語比較復雜,是一個省略形式的定語從句。(我不知道你現在上幾年級,不知道有沒有接觸過定語從句等有關內容,如果你對定語從句,賓語從句,同謂語從句等內容感興趣的話,就發消息給我,我繼續給你講好了)
總之一句話,要判斷是不是定語,就看它起什么作用,如果是修飾一個中心詞起到對中心詞的限定作用,那么就是定語。
其實有一個小方法,也蠻好用的:將英文翻譯成中文,如果某一部分可以翻譯成“什么什么的”,例如上面的句子中的定語“Played last night”可翻譯成“昨天晚上舉行的”,那么,這一部分就是定語啦,記住,一定是這個“的”,不是“得”或者是“地”哦
(PS:所謂限定作用,那上面的句子來講好了,“the basketball match”,籃球比賽有很多啊,每年的籃球比賽多了去了,這時候,“played last night”就限定了,是昨晚的籃球比賽。這就是所謂的限定作用。)
(4)表語
其實表語是最容易判斷的,跟在“be”動詞之后的內容就是表語,當然,這里的“be”可以是任意一種形式,例如is,am,are,was,were,后面跟的內容都是表語,例如:
I am a girl.
這里a girl就是表語,因為它跟在“am”之后
其實表語和賓語差不多,就是換種說法而已。
(5)狀語
一般,句子的狀語都是由副詞來充當,狀語一般分為時間狀語,地點狀語,一般說來,看到一個句子中如果出現地點或是時間,而且表時間或是地點的這部分是單獨存在的,一般就是狀語,例如:
I will go home tomorrow.
They had there lunch in my home.
上述兩個句子中,tomorrow 和in my home都是狀語,判斷一個句子中的某一部分是不是狀語,很簡單:把它拿掉,看句子成不成立。這里的成立不是指句意上的成立,而是指語法上的成立。像第一個句子,拿掉tomorrow照樣解釋得通。但是,有一些句子中的時間或是地點就不是作狀語,例如:
The time they got home is last night.
(他們回家的時間是昨天晚上。)
這里的last night就是作表語,因為這里的last night不是單獨存在的,而是和“is”連在一起使用,而且如果把last night去掉的話,這個句子就不成立了。
當然,還有一類很重要的狀語,例如:
She love her boyfriend deeply.
(她深深地愛著她的男友。)
這里的deeply作狀語來修飾“love”,判斷這一類狀語也有個捷徑:一般來說,單獨存在的副詞作狀語,這里的單獨存在的意思和上面的一樣,把它去掉也成立(也同上文),如果把deeply去掉這句話仍然是成立的。
當然,類似于判斷定語的方法:可以用“什么什么的”來判斷,這一類的狀語可以用“什么什么地”來判斷,在該句中,deeply可翻譯成“深深地”,所以“deeply”是副詞
(6)補語
補語就是在句子中補充說明句子的某一成分,現在對補語的要求很低,考試一般不會涉及到,因為補語有時候和狀語很難區分,有時候連英語專家都無法解釋某一部分到底是作定語還是補語。對于補語,就不用那么細致了,同定語和狀語的判斷,如果某一部分可翻譯成“什么什么得”,那么就是補語了,當然,補語有點特殊,也不一定非得是“什么什么得”,只要翻譯成中文時有“得”,就OK。例如:
She gets up early every morning.
她早上起得很早。
最后,給你幾個句子練習一下(我想了很久的例句呢,呵呵)
(1)I still remember the day they came back.
這句話先讓我來劃分吧,下面的句子你就要自己寫了哦。
主語:I
謂語:remember
賓語:the day
定語:they came back
另外說明一點,still作為副詞修飾remember,可以看作是remember的狀語,不過在劃分句子成份的時候可以不考慮。
(2)The girl in red skirt is my classmate.
(3)I really want to see the basketball match played between Cleveland Cavaliars and Phoinex Suns.
(4)It made me very sad that she left without and word(這句很重要哦)
好了,就寫這么多了,要是有什么不懂的就在我的百度空間里留言吧,發消息也可以。
這幾句話一定要認真分析哦
祝你學習進步 :-)
了解用英文怎么說
know英[n]美[no]
v. 了解,熟悉;知道;認識到,懂得;確信,確定;把……看作是;將……稱為;認出,辨認出;能區分;精通,掌握;經歷,體驗
[ 第三人稱單數 knows 現在分詞 knowing 過去式 knew 過去分詞 known ]
詞組短語:
know about了解,知道……的情況;知道關于
know as稱為
as we know眾所周知
know of知道,了解…;聽說過…
as you know如你所知;正如你知道的
近義詞:
vt. 知道;認識;懂得
weet,be aware of
vi. 了解;熟悉;確信
wise,understand,make sure,learn about
同根詞:
詞根:know
known已知的;知名的;大家知道的
knowing博學的;狡猾的;心照不宣的;認知
knowable可知的;能認識的;易知的
knower認識者;理解者
詞語辨析:
understand, learn, comprehend, know
這組詞都有“懂,知道,明了”的意思,其區別是:
understand指對事物已有徹底的認識,不僅知其性質、含義和細節,而且了解其內外的關系。
learn通常指通過他人而獲得消息或情況,側重從不知到知的變化過程。
comprehend側重熟悉了解的過程。
know普通用詞,多指通過學習、經驗或他人傳播而得到知識,含直接知道的意味。
雙語例句:
YouknowaboutAndy,don'tyou
你了解安迪,不是嗎?
Weknowthatpilfering goes on.
我們知道常有小偷小摸的事情。
I'mdying toknowwhathappened.
我很想知道發生了什么事兒。
Hedidn'tknowhow tobegin.
他不知道如何開場。
Youknowhowpricklysheis.
你知道她多么容易生氣。
總結一下英語中“get"和”FOR"的用法
get
[^et]
vt.
獲得, 變成, 收獲, 使得, 掙得, 受到(懲罰,打擊等), 染上, 抓住
vi.
到達, 成為, 變得
n.
生殖, 幼獸
get
get
AHD:[gt]
D.J.[get]
K.K.[gWt]
v.(動詞)
got[gt] got.ten[gt“n] 或 got get.ting,gets
v.tr.(及物動詞)
To come into possession or use of; receive:
得到,收到:開始具有或使用;收到:
got a poodle for her birthday.
收到一只長卷毛狗作為她的生日禮物
To meet with or incur:
遭遇,招致:
got nothing but trouble for her efforts.
她的努力不但徒勞無功,反而惹來一身麻煩
To go after and obtain:
追求,獲得:
got a book at the library; got breakfast in town.
在圖書館找到一本書;在城里吃了早飯
To go after and bring:
取得,帶來:
Get me a pillow.
給我一個枕頭
To purchase; buy:
買;購買:
get groceries.
買雜貨
To acquire as a result of action or effort:
取得:作為行動或努力的結果而得到:
He got his information out of an encyclopedia. You can't get water out of a stone.
他從百科全書中查到了資料。石頭中可不能冒出水
To earn:
努力獲得:
got high marks in math and science.
數學和自然科學得了高分
To accomplish or attain as a result of military action.
完成,達成:作為軍事行動的成果而完成或獲得
To obtain by concession or request:
獲得:通過遷就或請求而獲得:
couldn't get the time off; got permission to leave.
無法延期;獲準離開
To arrive at; reach:
到達;抵達:
When did you get home
你什么時候到家的
To reach and board; catch:
登上:到達并乘上;趕上:
She got her plane two minutes before takeoff.
飛機起飛前兩分鐘她趕上了飛機
To succeed in communicating with, as by telephone:
聯絡上:成功地建立聯系,如通電話:
couldn't get me at the office until nine.
直到九點才能在辦公室聯絡到我
To become affected with (an illness, for example) by infection or exposure; catch:
患上,染上:通過傳染或暴露而傳染上(例如,疾病);得了:
get the flu; got the mumps.
患了流感;得了腮腺炎
To be subjected to; undergo:
遭受;經歷:
got a severe concussion.
受了嚴重的腦震蕩
To receive as retribution or punishment:
得到報應:作為回報或懲罰而收到:
got six years in prison for embezzling funds.
因貪污公款而被判入獄六年
To sustain a stated injury to:
遭受特定的傷害:
got my arm broken.
胳膊折了
To gain or have understanding of:
了解:理解或了解:
Do you get this question
你明白這個問題嗎
To learn (a poem, for example) by heart; memorize.
記憶:用心記(如一首詩);記憶
To find or reach by calculating:
找到,得到:通過計算而找到或算出:
get a total; can't get the answer.
算出總數;不能找到答案
To perceive by hearing:
聽清楚:通過聽的方法來認知:
I didn't get your name when we were introduced.
別人介紹我們認識時,我沒聽清楚你的名字
To procreate; beget.
生殖;生育
To cause to become or be in a specified state or condition:
使變得:使變成或處在一個特定的狀態或條件下:
got the children tired and cross; got the shirt clean.
把孩子們弄得疲憊而且惱怒;把襯衫洗干凈
To make ready; prepare:
使準備;預備:
get lunch for a crowd.
為眾人準備午飯
To cause to come or go:
使移動:使來或去:
somehow got the car through traffic.
設法讓汽車脫離交通阻塞
To cause to move or leave:
使離開:引起活動或離開:
Get me out of here!
放我出去
To cause to undertake or perform; prevail on:
使從事,使實行:使履行或執行;流行:
got the guide to give us the complete tour.
讓導游帶我們做一次完整的旅行
To take, especially by force; seize:
捕捉:取得,尤指通過強迫;抓住:
The detective got the suspect as he came out of the restaurant.
正當嫌疑犯走出飯店時,偵探抓住了他
Informal To overcome or destroy:
非正式用語 征服,摧毀:
The ice storm got the rose bushes.
冰雹破壞了玫瑰花叢
To evoke an emotional response or reaction in:
使感動:激起強烈的回應或反應于:
Romantic music really gets me.
浪漫的音樂確實打動了我
To annoy or irritate:
使生氣或煩躁:
What got me was his utter lack of self-discipline.
惹火我的是他完全缺乏自律
To present a difficult problem to; puzzle.
難住:使面對難題;使迷惑
To take revenge on, especially to kill in revenge for a wrong.
報復:實行報復,尤指為報復一個錯誤而刺殺
Informal To hit or strike:
非正式用語 打或毆打:
She got him on the chin. The bullet got him in the shoulder.
她打了他的臉。子彈射中了他的肩
Baseball To put out.
棒球 使出局
To begin or start. Used with the present participle:
開始:開始,與現在分詞連用:
I have to get working on this or I'll miss my deadline.
我必須就此開始工作,否則我將超過最后期限
To have current possession of. Used in the present perfect form with the meaning of the present:
有:現在擁有…,用現在完成時表示現在的含義:
We've got plenty of cash.
我們有足夠的現金
To have as an obligation. Used in the present perfect form with the meaning of the present:
必須:作為義務而具有,用現在完成時表示現在的含義:
I have got to leave early. You've got to do the dishes.
我得早點離開。你必須洗碗碟
v.intr.(不及物動詞)
To become or grow to be:
變成,長成:
eventually got well.
終于好了
To be successful in coming or going:
到達:成功地來或去:
When will we get to New York
我們將于何時抵達紐約
To be able or permitted:
能或被允許:
never got to see Europe; finally got to work at home.
從未能去看看歐洲;最終只能在家工作
To be successful in becoming:
成功地變成:
get free of a drug problem.
成功地戒了毒
Used with the past participle of transitive verbs as a passive voice auxiliary:
被:作為被動語氣助動詞而與及物動詞的過去分詞連用:
got stuck in the elevator.
被困在電梯里了
To become drawn in, entangled, or involved:
進入:使加入,被卷入,受牽連:
got into debt; get into a hassle.
債務纏身;加入爭論中
Informal To depart immediately:
非正式用語 立刻離開:
yelled at the dog to get.
大聲呵斥狗立刻走開
To work for gain or profit; make money:
賺錢:為獲利或好處而工作;賺錢:
puts all his energy into getting and spending.
把所有的精力用在賺錢和花錢上
n.(名詞)
The act of begetting.
生育:生育的行為
Progeny; offspring.
子孫;后代
Sports A return in tennis on a shot that seems impossible to reach.
體育運動 難以回擊的一球:一局網球比賽中的最后一擊并且似乎不可能接住
get about
To be out of bed and beginning to walk again, as after an illness.
可以走動:離開床并開始走動,通常指病后
get across
To make understandable or clear:
使了解:使變得清楚或令人置信:
I have tried to get my point across.
我已盡力讓我的觀點清晰明了
To be convincing or understandable:
使信服:使有說服力或可了解:
How can I get across to the students
我怎樣才能讓學生心服口服
get after
To urge or scold:
催促或責罵:
You should get after them to mow the lawn.
你應催促他們割草坪
get along
To be or continue to be on harmonious terms:
相處融洽:
gets along with the in-laws.
和姻親們相處融洽
To manage or fare with reasonable success:
過活,生活:合理成功地維持或過活:
can't get along on those wages.
無法依賴這些薪水生活
To make progress.
進展
To advance, especially in years.
增加:增加,尤指年齡的增加
To go away; leave.
走開;離開
get around
To circumvent or evade:
規避,逃避:
managed to get around the real issues.
試圖逃避真正的問題
Informal To convince or win over by flattering or cajoling.
非正式用語 取得信任:通過諂媚或哄騙而說服或贏得
To travel from place to place:
到處旅游:從一地到另一地旅行:
It is hard to get around without a car.
沒有汽車的旅行很艱難
To become known; circulate:
散布:變得聞名;流傳:
Word got around.
消息散布到各處
get at
To touch or reach successfully:
到達:成功地接觸或到達:
The cat hid where we couldn't get at it.
貓藏在我們找不到的地方
To try to make understandable; hint at or suggest:
暗示:試圖使成為可了解的;暗示或表明:
I don't know what you're getting at.
我不知道你在暗示什么
To discover or understand:
發現,明白:
To escape the consequences of (a blameworthy act, for example):
逃避:逃避(如應受批評的行為的)后果:
got away with cheating but was later caught.
以欺騙手段逃避但后來被抓住了
get back at
To take revenge on.
進行報復…
get cracking
To begin to work; get started.
開始:開始工作;開始
get even
To obtain revenge.
得到報復
get even with
To repay with an equivalent act, as for revenge.
報復:以相等的行動報答,如為了復仇
get going
To make a beginning; get started.
起頭;開始
get it非正式用語
To be punished or scolded.
被懲罰或責備
get it on俚語
To become filled with energy or excitement.
用精力或激動使充滿
To engage in sexual intercourse.
從事性交
get nowhere
To make no progress.
毫無進展
get on the stick
To begin to work.
開始工作
get (someone's) goat
To make angry or vexed.
使生氣或惱怒
get somewhere非正式用語
To make progress.
取得進步
get there非正式用語
To make progress or achieve success.
取得進步或獲得成功
get wind of
To learn of:
知道:
got wind of the scheme.
知道這個計劃
Middle English geten
中古英語 geten
from Old Norse geta * see ghend-
源自 古斯堪的納維亞語 geta *參見 ghend-
get“able 或
get“table
adj.(形容詞)
The use ofget in the passive, as inWe got sunburned at the beach, is generally avoided in formal writing.In less formal contexts, however,the construction does provide a useful distinction in attributing a more active role to its subject than would the corresponding passive withbe. Thus if Jones has committed a flagrant breach of law in order to test a particular statute,the situation might best be described by the sentenceJones got arrested by the police; whereas if Jones did nothing to provoke the police action,the sentenceJones was arrested by the police would be preferred.
在被動語態使用get , 如我們在海灘上曬黑了 , 漸漸在正式寫作中避免。但在非正式上下文中,這個結構為使其比相應被動形式be 給予其主語更為主動的角色提供了極為有用的區別。 因此,如果瓊斯為了驗證特殊法律條文而嚴重違犯了某法律,最好用以下句子來描繪Jones got arrested by the police, 但如果瓊斯沒有反抗警察的行為,句子Jones was arrested by the police 比較合宜
get
[^et]
vt.
(got; got[gotten]; getting)
獲[贏、博、取]得
收[接, 得]到
定購; 買
拿到; 弄來; 放置; 搬
生[患]病
使得...處于某種狀態; 使得...達到某種程度; 使產生(...結果)
吃; 準備; 做飯
抓住; 捕捉
[完成式have got]有; [have(got)+不定式]必須; 該; 不得不
挨(打); 受罰; 被判刑; [口]被解雇
趕, 搭(車船)
[口]理[了]解; 明白
[口]打; 擊中; 使受傷; 殺死
收聽; (電話)接通
難住; 為難; 使困惑, 煩惱
[美]迷[吸引]人; 惹人喜愛
[俚]注意到
報復
[美]能夠
get
來自中古英語geten<古挪威語geta獲得
FOR
FOR
=Free on Rail鐵路[火車上]交貨(價格)
for
[fC:; fE]
prep.
(表示目的)為了, 因為, 至于, 對于, 適合于
conj.
因為
FOR
FOR
abbr.(略語)
Free on rail.
火車上交貨
for
for
AHD:[fr] [f…r] 非重讀時
D.J.[f%8][f*]非重讀時
K.K.[f%r][f*]非重讀時
prep.(介詞)
Used to indicate the object, aim, or purpose of an action or activity:
為了:用來指一個動作或活動的目的、目標或意圖:
trained for the ministry; put the house up for sale; plans to run for senator.
為政府部門培訓;把房子拍賣;計劃競選議員
Used to indicate a destination:
往,向:用來指目的地:
headed off for town.
出發去城里
Used to indicate the object of a desire, an intention, or a perception:
對于:用來指愿望、意圖或感覺的目標:
had a nose for news; eager for fame and fortune.
消息靈通;渴求名利
Used to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action:
為:用來指一個活動的接受者或受益者:
prepared lunch for us.
為我們準備午餐
On behalf of:
代表:
spoke for all the members.
代表全體成員發言
In favor of:
對…支持:
Were they for or against the proposal
他們支持這項議案還是反對呢
In place of:
代替…:
a substitute for eggs.
雞蛋的替代品
Used to indicate equivalence or equality:
等值,等量:用于表示等值或相同關系:
paid ten dollars for a ticket; repeated the conversation word for word.
花十美元買了張票;逐字逐句地重復談話
Used to indicate correlation or correspondence:
用于表示關聯或聯系:
took two steps back for every step forward.
每前進一步向后退兩步
Used to indicate amount, extent, or duration:
達:用于表示數量、范圍或持續時間:
a bill for five dollars; walked for miles; stood in line for several minutes.
五美元的鈔票;步行了數英里;排了幾分鐘的隊
Used to indicate a specific time:
在:用于表示一個具體時間:
had an appointment for two o'clock.
兩點鐘有一個約會
As being:
當作:
take for granted; mistook me for the librarian.
視為當然;把我誤認為是圖書管理員
Used to indicate an actual or implied listing or choosing:
針對…:用于表示實際的或隱含的列舉或選擇:
For one thing, we can't afford it.
第一,我們買不起
As a result of; because of:
由于;因為:
jumped for joy.
因高興而跳起來
Used to indicate appropriateness or suitability:
用于表示適度或適當:
It will be for the judge to decide.
這要由法官來決定
Notwithstanding; despite:
雖然;盡管:
For all the problems, it was a valuable experience.
盡管還存在許多問題,這仍不失為一次寶貴的經驗
As regards; concerning:
關于;至于:
a stickler for neatness.
有潔癖的人
Considering the nature or usual character of:
至于:關于…的性質或一般特征:
was spry for his advanced age.
就他的高齡來說,他應該算是充滿生氣的了
In honor of:
為紀念…:
named for her grandmother.
為紀念她的祖母起的名字
conj.(連接詞)
Because; since.
因為;既然
Middle English
中古英語
from Old English * see per 1
源自 古英語 *參見 per 1
FOR
=Free on Rail鐵路[火車上]交貨(價格)
for
[fC:; fE]
prep.
[表示目的]為了
struggle for existence
生存競爭
go out for a walk
出去散步
[表示目標、去向]向, 往
leave for Shanghai
動身去上海
the train for Dalian
開往大連的火車
passengers for Beijing
去北京的旅客
He is getting on for sixty.
他快到六十歲了。
[表示對象、用途等]為, 對于; 適于; 供; 屬于...的; 給...的
books for children
兒童圖書
an instrument for measuring pressure
測壓力用的儀器
Not For Sale
非賣品(常用于商品標簽)
That will be bad for your health.
那將有損于你的健康。
A letter for you!
你的信!
[表示愿望、愛好、特長等]對于, 傾向于
long for freedom
渴望自由
have a liking for music
愛好音樂
an eye for beauty
審美的眼光
[表示理由、原因]由于, 因為
jump for joy
高興得跳起來
a city famous for its beauty
一個以美麗而著稱的城市
代, 替; 代表
teach for sb.
為某人代課
[表示時間、距離、數量等]達, 計
The meeting lasted
(for) hours. 會議繼續了幾個小時。
[表示贊成, 支持]擁護, 有利于
vote for sb.
投某人的票
They are all for him.
他們都擁護他。
[表示讓步] 雖然, 盡管
For all your explantions, I understand no better than before.
盡管你作了解釋, 我還是不懂。
至于, 說到, 就...而言
for my part
至于我, 講到我
He is tall for his age.
就他的年齡而言, 他是個高個子。
So much for today.
今天就講[做]這么多。
[表示等價、報酬、 賠償或比例關系] 交換
sell for a dollar
以一美元賣掉
answer point for point
逐點答復
translate word for word
逐字翻譯
[表示約定的時間]
an appointment forSaturday
星期六的約會
[表示身分]看作, 當作, 作為
take sb. for a fool
把某人看成傻瓜
give sth. up for lost
認定某物已丟失而不找尋
It was built for a pleasure boat.
這條船是作為游艇建造的。
[用于插入語, 表示列舉]
Many people want to buy it because, for one thing , the price is low.
許多人想買它, 原因之一就是價格便宜。
[與名詞或代詞連用, 后接動詞不定式, 構成名詞短語]
make way for the car to pass
給汽車讓路
It is time for him to go.
他該走了。
for
[fC:; fE]
conj.
因為, 由于
He felt no fear, for he was very brave.
他很勇敢, 毫不畏懼。
說明 for 和 because 在表示“原因”的時候意思基本相同, 一般可以互相代用。
"讓我們知道"用英文怎么說
讓我們知道:Let us know
了 解:understand\comprehension\understanding\know\realize\know about
懂得:understand \know\catch on
如何用英語說 讓我們一起來了解一下春節吧
Let's learn about the Spring Festival together.
第一時間為你解答,敬請采納,
如對本題還有疑問可追問,Good luck!
了解一下用英語怎么說
了解一下美國的假日 Learning Something About American Holidays;
我想了解一下貴國的投資環 Id like to know some information about the current investment environment in your country;
房車源頭廠家 江經理 優惠熱線：15391696081
